The proposal is based on the potential of biocementation (a process mediated by iron-reducing bacteria) to reconstitute laterite crusts in iron-rich substrates, contributing to both ecological recovery and the physical stability of degraded areas.
The ecological importance of the ferruginous cangas, naturally fragmented and highly endemic ecosystems that cover the iron ore deposits of Carajás, is the justification for the project. Recent studies by ITV DS in partnership with international institutions have shown that biocementation can take place on scales compatible with environmental restoration, promoting the formation of stable and biologically active crusts in relatively short periods of time. This approach has the potential to reduce erosion processes, improve water quality, and allow the reintroduction of plant species typical of cangas.
The aim of the researchers is to develop methodologies for the biocementation of iron-rich waste on an industrial scale, through the microbial induction of the reduction and subsequent oxidation of iron, forming stable crusts that favor the regeneration of the ecosystem. To this end, studies will be conducted ranging from the characterization of native microbiota to field application, with a focus on creating new habitats for endemic species and stabilizing sensitive areas, such as water recharge zones.