Impact of illegal mining in Vale’s mineral concession areas

With the aim of understanding the environmental impacts caused by illegal mining in the watersheds of the Verde and Araras rivers, located in southeastern Pará, the project adopts a transdisciplinary approach that incorporates geochemical, morphological, and stratigraphic analyses.
The rapid advance of illegal mining in the Carajás region has caused deforestation, altered the hydrological regime, and contaminated natural resources. The Araras River and Verde River basins, which cover project areas such as Bacaba, Visconde, Barão, and Cristalino, show signs of environmental degradation associated with mining activities, including an increase in the concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) such as arsenic, lead, mercury, and cadmium. Previous studies indicate that there is a natural enrichment of these elements in the region, due to the local geology, which makes it essential to distinguish between natural and anthropogenic sources of contamination. Detailed characterization of these areas will not only make it possible to understand the formation processes of alluvial deposits, but also to support environmental recovery actions and monitoring strategies.