Based on physical-chemical and biological analyses and the use of cutting-edge molecular techniques, the project proposes an innovative approach to assessing soil health in areas associated with Vale’s Forestry Target, which aims to protect 400,000 and recover 100,000 hectares by 2050, in line with the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.
The project continuously monitors soil chemistry and biology in reforestation areas and agroforestry systems (SAFs), with the aim of quantifying the gains in ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, and ecological resilience. One of the project’s distinguishing features is the development of an advanced Soil Quality Index (SQI), which combines microbiological, genetic, and proteomic data with traditional physico-chemical indicators. In addition, an interactive visualization platform is being developed, allowing the evolution of the areas to be monitored over time. This tool will be useful not only for monitoring SAFs, but also for recovering areas degraded by mining or agriculture, which will help to improve management practices, reduce costs, and increase productivity.
The initiative is based on the principle that the soil is one of the main carbon reservoirs on the planet. However, changes in land use, such as deforestation and conventional agricultural practices, can jeopardize this balance, releasing large amounts of CO₂ and other greenhouse gases. On the other hand, regenerative practices and reforestation can increase carbon stocks, improve soil fertility, and promote edaphic biodiversity.